Hi,
I can help answer these questions.
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The terminals of the Fathom-X tether input are isolated from everything else so if you apply DC power, such as 12V, that power will not be used on the board at all. The signals are capacitively coupled to the wires and won’t be affected by a DC voltage. To use that voltage for something useful, you will have to tap into it separately.
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The Fathom-X uses radio frequency communication through the tether. That means that, much like your cell phone, data is being transmitted on a number of difference frequencies. That’s a fundamentally different way to transmit data than the digital communication used through Ethernet pairs.
-Rusty